Judicial selection in the states

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Judicial selection in the states



Methods of judicial selection vary substantially across the country. Also, each state has different levels and even names for those levels of courts. In order to provide a quick reference to their methods of judicial selection, each state has its own table on this page.

WashingtonOregonCaliforniaAlaskaIdahoNevadaMontanaWyomingUtahArizonaColoradoNew MexicoNorth DakotaSouth DakotaNebraskaKansasOklahomaTexasMinnesotaIowaMissouriArkansasLouisianaWisconsinIllinoisMississippiMichiganMichiganIndianaOhioKentuckyTennesseeAlabamaNew YorkPennsylvaniaWest VirginiaVirginiaNorth CarolinaGeorgiaSouth CarolinaFloridaMaineVermontD.C.Rhode IslandVermontNew HampshireNew HampshireMassachusettsMassachusettsNew JerseyNew JerseyConnecticutDelawareMarylandHawaiiPartisan election of judgesNon-partisan election of judgesAppointed by governorAppointed by commissionLegislative election of judgesAppointed by US President
Appellate court selection in the United States




Method totals

This table shows the number of courts that use the various methods across the United States.

Method Supreme Court (of 52) Courts of Appeal (of 40) Trial Courts (of 130)
PE 8 6 45
NPE 15 12 39
LE 2 2 5
GAJ 4 3 8
CS 23 17 33


Methods by state

Key
PE Partisan election of judges
NPE Non-partisan election of judges
LE Legislative election of judges
GAJ Gubernatorial appointment of judges
CS Commission-selection, political appointment method of judicial selection


State Supreme Court Courts of Appeal Circuit Court District Court
Alabama PE PE PE PE


State Supreme Court Courts of Appeal Superior Court District Court
Alaska CS CS CS CS


State Supreme Court Courts of Appeal Superior Court Justices of the Peace
Arizona CS CS CS or NPE PE


State Supreme Court Courts of Appeal Circuit Court District Court
Arkansas NPE NPE NPE NPE


State Supreme Court Courts of Appeal Superior Court
California GAJ GAJ NPE


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals District Court County Courts
Colorado CS CS CS CS


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals Superior Court Probate Court
Connecticut CS CS CS PE


State Supreme Court Superior Court Court of Chancery Family Court Court of Common Pleas
Delaware CS CS CS CS

CS


State Supreme Court District Courts of Appeal Circuit Court County Courts
Florida CS CS NPE NPE


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals Superior Court Probate Court State Court
Georgia NPE NPE NPE PE NPE


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals Circuit Court District Court
Hawaii CS CS CS CS


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals District Court
Idaho NPE NPE NPE


State Supreme Court Appellate Court Circuit Court
Illinois PE PE PE


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals Circuit Court Superior Court Tax Court Probate Court County Court City Court Town Court Small Claims Court
Indiana CS CS PE or NPE CS or PE CS PE PE PE PE PE


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals District Court
Iowa CS CS CS


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals District Court
Kansas CS CS PE or CS


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals Circuit Court District Court
Kentucky NPE NPE NPE NPE


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals District Court Family Courts Juvenile Courts Parish Courts
Louisiana PE PE PE PE PE PE


State Supreme Court Superior Court District Court Probate Courts
Maine GAJ GAJ GAJ PE


State Court of Appeals Court of Special Appeals Circuit Court District Court Orphans' Courts
Maryland CS CS CS or NPE CS PE


State Supreme Judicial Court Appeals Court Superior Court District Court Probate Court Juvenile Court
Massachusetts GAJ GAJ GAJ GAJ GAJ GAJ


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals Circuit Court District Court Probate Court
Michigan NPE NPE NPE NPE NPE


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals District Court
Minnesota NPE NPE NPE


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals Circuit Court Chancery Court County Court Justice Court
Mississippi NPE NPE NPE NPE NPE NPE


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals Circuit Court
Missouri CS CS PE or CS


State Supreme Court District Court Workers' Compensation Court City Court Justice of the Peace
Montana NPE NPE CS NPE NPE


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals District Court County Court Juvenile Court Workers' Compensation Court
Nebraska CS CS CS CS CS

CS


State Supreme Court District Court Municipal Courts Justice Courts
Nevada NPE NPE NPE NPE


State Supreme Court Superior Court District Court Probate Court
New Hampshire CS CS CS CS


State Supreme Court Appellate Division of the Superior Court Superior Court Tax Court
New Jersey GAJ GAJ GAJ GAJ


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals District Court Magistrate Probate Court
New Mexico PE PE PE PE PE


State Court of Appeals Supreme Court, Appellate Division Supreme Court Court of Claims Family Court Surrogate's Court Civil Court District Court Town Court
New York CS CS PE PE CS PE PE PE PE


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals Superior Court District Court
North Carolina NPE NPE NPE NPE


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals District Court
North Dakota NPE See: Judicial selection in North Dakota NPE


State Supreme Court Courts of Appeal Courts of Common Pleas County Courts
Ohio NPE NPE NPE NPE


State Supreme Court/Court of Criminal Appeals Court of Civil Appeals District Court
Oklahoma CS CS NPE


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals Circuit Court Tax Court County Court Justice Court
Oregon NPE NPE NPE NPE NPE NPE


State Supreme Court Superior Court Commonwealth Court Courts of Common Pleas
Pennsylvania PE PE PE PE


State Supreme Court Superior Court Family Court District Court
Rhode Island CS CS CS CS


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals Circuit Court Family Courts Magistrate Courts Probate Courts
South Carolina LE LE LE LE LE PE


State Supreme Court Circuit Court
South Dakota CS NPE


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals Court of Criminal Appeals Chancery Court Criminal Court Circuit Court Probate Court General Sessions Court
Tennessee CS CS CS PE PE PE PE PE


State Supreme Court/Court of Criminal Appeals Courts of Appeal District Court County Courts Justices of the Peace
Texas PE PE PE PE PE


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals District Court Juvenile Court
Utah CS CS CS CS


State Supreme Court Superior Court District Court Probate Court
Vermont CS CS CS PE


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals Circuit Court General District Court
Virginia LE LE LE LE


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals Superior Court District Court
Washington NPE NPE NPE NPE


State Supreme Court of Appeals Circuit Court Family Court Magistrate
West Virginia PE PE PE PE


State Supreme Court Court of Appeals Circuit Court
Wisconsin NPE NPE NPE


State Supreme Court District Court Circuit Court
Wyoming CS CS CS

See also

v • d • e
Judicial selection in state courts

Alabama • Alaska • Arizona • Arkansas • California • Colorado • Connecticut • Delaware • District of Columbia • Florida • Georgia • Hawaii • Idaho • Illinois • Indiana • Iowa • Kansas • Kentucky • Louisiana • Maine • Maryland • Massachusetts • Michigan • Minnesota • Mississippi • Missouri • Montana • Nebraska • Nevada • New Hampshire • New Jersey • New Mexico • New York • North Carolina • North Dakota • Ohio • Oklahoma • Oregon • Pennsylvania • Rhode Island • South Carolina • South Dakota • Tennessee • Texas • Utah • Vermont • Virginia • Washington • West Virginia • Wisconsin • Wyoming

2011 election • 2010 Supreme Court results • 2010 Court of Appeals results • 2010 elections • 2009 results • 2009 elections • 2008 elections • 2008 results

Commission selection (Missouri Plan) • Gubernatorial appointment • Legislative appointment • Partisan elections • Non-partisan elections • Retention election • Tennessee Plan
Retrieved from "http://judgepedia.org/index.php/Judicial_selection_in_the_states"
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